Dry hair is characterized by
dullness, a dry or rough feeling, split ends,
frizziness, and it is often difficult to comb or
brush. Dry hair is frequently caused by excessive or
amateur coloring or perming, heat-assisted styling
(using hair dryers, straightening tools, curling
tongs, etc) and exposure to sun and chemicals.
However, some people do have hair that is naturally
dry.
Dry hair usually owes it's texture and dullness to
raised cuticles on the hair shaft. In healthy hair,
these cuticles lie flat, lending the hair a healthy
sheen and making it smooth and manageable. These
flat cuticles also help to keep moisture inside the
hair. When cuticles are raised, the hair is more
porous and moisture escapes relatively easily.
Understanding the underlying cause of dry hair is
the first step towards knowing how to care for it.
Do you spend a lot of time in the strong sunlight?
Try using a suitable hair sunscreen or protecting
your hair with a headscarf or hat during the hottest
parts of the day. Do you use your hairdryer on a
high temperature often? Try allowing your hair to
air dry wherever possible, and when it is necessary
to use your hairdryer, use it on a cooler
temperature and aim it down the hair shaft (pointing
down from the top of your head). This is because
your hair cuticles are naturally aligned away from
the scalp. Make sure you move the hairdryer around
when you're using it rather than leaving it
concentrated on just one section of your hair.
Additionally you can use a
conditioning treatment specifically designed for use
with heated styling tools. A good conditioning
treatment will limit the damage that they inflict.
In addition to locating and eliminating the causes
of dry hair, there are many products available to
sooth and care for dry hair. Your stylist will be
able to recommend a suitable conditioner, mask or
treatment.
Oily hair needs thorough cleansing
and clarifying to remove excess oil, dust and dirt
which can make hair look dull, limp and lifeless.
A basic piece of oily hair care advice is valid
nonetheless: you should be using a shampoo
especially designed for oily hair in your hair care
routine. Try to determine whether your hair is oily
all over, or just at the roots, since it is entirely
possible to have dry hair with an oily scalp,
particularly if your hair is long. Some shampoos for
oily hair might exacerbate the condition of your dry
ends. If you're not sure you should talk it over
with your stylist.
Only apply conditioner to the ends of your hair, and
use one tailored for oily hair. Avoid brushing your
hair too often or too vigorously, since brushing
helps to transport oil from your roots to the ends
of your hair, leaving hair limp and greasy
throughout its length. Also take care to avoid
frequently touching or fussing with your hair.
Frequently touching your hair not only helps to
shift the oil from your roots to your tips, but it
can add additional oil from your hands to already
greasy hair.
Products: clarifying shampoo, a light conditioner
for oily hair applied to the ends of hair (not near
the scalp), sebum regulating leave-in treatment (ask
your stylist), mousses, hairsprays.
Occasionally people with fine hair
deliberately damage their hair through color or heat
treatments in the hope that it will give more volume
and "stylability" to their hair.
It's true that the biggest problem for people with
fine hair is the difficulty gaining volume and
getting hair to hold a style, but fine hair is also
much easier to damage than medium or coarse textured
hair, and is twice as easy to break. Coloring and
heat styling hair lifts the hair cuticles, giving
the hair more volume and increasing the friction
between hair follicles so that they hold a style
easier, but similar effects can also be achieved
through judicious use of hair product.
Volumizing products can help boost
volume by coating the hair and making it appear
thicker. Styling gels and mousses can be
particularly helpful in styling fine hair because
although they go onto the hair smooth, they then
undergo a "sticky" phase, which increases hair
friction and makes it easier to style, without the
long lasting damage!
It is also important to use a good, lightweight
conditioner as part of your hair care routine,
particularly as fine hair is so prone to damage.
Regular use of conditioners and styling products
containing ingredients like polyquaternium,
quaternium 18 and stearamidaproply dimethylamine
will also help to reduce static build-up in fine,
flyaway hair.
There are commonly two major
considerations for people with colored hair:
Retaining the hair color and repairing damage caused
during the coloring process. Fortunately many of the
things you can do to keep your color vibrant also
work to protect your hair from further damage, and
can help to sooth some of the damage caused by the
coloring process.
If possible, try to wash and rinse your hair in cool
water, rather than hot. Cool water will help to
close your hair cuticles, sealing in moisture and
helping to retain your color.
If you wear your hair in a part, try alternating the
side you wear it on so that you don't get just one
section of your hair exposed to the elements. Any
fading that occurs due to sun exposure will then be
less concentrated and less noticeable.
If you're swimming in salt water or chlorinated
pools, try to wear a swimming cap to protect your
hair, otherwise rinse your hair thoroughly
afterwards to remove chemical or salt water build
up. The chemicals in pool water and even salt water
can damage hair, strip color, and occasionally lend
an unwanted tinge of color to light hair colors. Be
sure to shampoo your hair as soon as possible
afterwards to remove any traces of build-up.
Products: shampoo specifically formulated for
colored hair, nourishing conditioners and
conditioning masks, hair sunscreen.
Hair is damaged once the cuticle of
the hair (the flat scales that cover the core of the
hair) are no longer flat or intact enough to provide
structural integrity to the hair, leaving it
vulnerable to splitting and breaking. Hair is fairly
resilient but can be damaged through excessive
processing, perming, coloring, heat exposure,
back-combing and general roughness. The bad news is
that once hair is significantly damaged, you can't
repair it. Hair is essentially dead once it leaves
your scalp, and doesn't have the capacity to heal
itself once it has been damaged. The best course of
action in most circumstances is to simply cut it
off, although you may be able to soothe some of the
damage with hair product until the hair is of
acceptable length to cut without too much
embarrassment. Intensive hair conditioners and masks
may help by coating the hair follicle with
ingredients to smooth over the cuticles and seal in
some moisture. But remember — the last thing you
should do is try to correct the damage through
further coloring, perming or heat treatment!
Ultimately, the best (if
not immediately helpful) advice for damaged hair is
to prevent it through the use of a good conditioner
and careful use of the more aggressive styling
products and techniques.